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Not the full picture. Built from public records, which leave things out.Read by hand, Oct 2026DetailsThis is built from public records, which leave a lot out, and some of it may be wrong or out of date. Check the sources, and tell us if you spot a mistake. What this site can't tell you
Read by hand. We read Gillies's own documents for this site in October 2026; the Sources page lists which ones. The comparisons with other places still come from the Province's yearly reports.

Questions · 10 so far

Things worth asking about

We read Gillies' financial reports and meeting minutes, and compared its numbers with 35 similar Ontario towns. These are the things that stood out.

What these are, and what they are not. A question here means a number or practice is unusual, or harder to see than it should be. It does not mean anyone did anything wrong. Most unusual numbers turn out to have ordinary explanations, and every question lists some. The only way to know is to ask.
Needs an answer

Needs an answer

These are unusual enough that residents deserve a clear answer from council.

Needs an answerMoney health

Why are so many property taxes unpaid?

$169Kowed in unpaid property tax, end of 2024

At the end of 2024, $169K of property tax had been billed but not paid. That is 22% of everything billed. Only 6 of 35 similar towns had a higher share. A year earlier it was $186K.

Found automatically from the town's financial reports · 2 sources

Worth asking

Worth asking

There may well be a good reason. It is still worth asking what it is.

Worth askingHow decisions are made

Why have the Township's audited statements carried a qualified opinion two years in a row?

2 yearsof qualified audit opinions, for 2023 and 2024, on the same accounting rule

An audit ends with the auditor's opinion on whether the statements show the Township's money fairly. A "qualified" opinion means the auditor is satisfied except for one stated problem. For both 2023 and 2024 the problem is the same. A newer accounting rule (PS 3280, asset retirement obligations) has applied since January 1, 2023. It asks the Township to record what it will cost to retire certain assets, such as closing a landfill. For 2024 the auditor says management has not finished checking its assets for such costs, so the effect cannot be put in numbers.

Found by reading the town's own documents · 2 sources

Worth askingOpenness

Why was the 2024 audit report signed on December 29, 2025, almost a year after the year it covers, when the 2023 report was signed on August 15, 2024?

December 29, 2025date of the 2024 audit report, against August 15, 2024 for the 2023 report

The audited statements are how residents see how the year really went. The 2023 audit report is dated August 15, 2024. The 2024 report is dated December 29, 2025. The 2024 statements also say a different audit firm (MNP LLP) took over from the firm that did 2023 (BDO Canada LLP).

Found by reading the town's own documents · 2 sources

Worth askingHow decisions are made

Why does Council adopt each year's budget in the middle of that year?

September 16, 2024date Council adopted the 2024 budget

A budget is the plan for spending and tax money in a year. The 2023 statements say the 2023 budget was adopted on August 14, 2023. The 2024 statements say the 2024 budget was adopted on September 16, 2024. The Township's tax bills are based on the budget, so the plan is set after more than half of the year has been spent.

Found by reading the town's own documents · 2 sources

Worth askingMoney health

How much of the Township's $910,772 in cash is grant money that has to be spent on specific projects?

$673,940of deferred (set-aside grant) money at December 31, 2024, against cash of $910,772

At December 31, 2024 the Township held cash of $910,772. The statements also show deferred revenue of $673,940. Deferred revenue is money received for a stated purpose that has not yet been spent. The balance grew from $532,666 the year before. The three largest pieces are the Ontario Community Infrastructure Fund ($287,740), the Northern Ontario Resource Development Support fund ($240,708) and the Canada Community Building Fund, also called the gas tax ($143,262). During 2024 the Township moved $58,290 of it into revenue, after moving $182,574 the year before. The Township budgeted $35,000 of the Ontario Community Infrastructure Fund as revenue and booked $13,514.

Found by reading the town's own documents · 4 sources

Worth askingOpenness

When will the Township catch up on posting council minutes and by-laws?

Backlogthe Township's own word for the state of its posted minutes and by-laws

The Township's own agendas and minutes page says that "A backlog of work remains and as such posting minutes, by-laws, and other information on the website is affected." It says staff are working to fix this. The meeting calendar where the minutes live (calendar.gilliestownship.com) answered our request with a block page, so we could not check how far behind the minutes are.

Found by reading the town's own documents · 1 source

Worth askingMoney health

Does Gillies have enough saved for repairs and emergencies?

$215Kin savings at the end of 2024

Towns keep savings (called reserves) to pay for new trucks, roof repairs and surprises. Gillies had $215K saved at the end of 2024, down from $363K in 2019. That is 22% of one year's spending. Only 6 of 35 similar towns had less, compared with what they spend.

Found automatically from the town's financial reports · 2 sources

Good to know

Good to know

Background that helps make sense of the rest.

Good to knowRising costs

What was the $61,040 written off in 2024, and why does the statement of operations not say?

$61,040written off in 2024, turning a $27,104 surplus into a $33,936 deficit

The statements show a "write-down of tangible capital assets" of $61,040 in 2024. A write-down removes the recorded value of something the Township owns. It uses no cash, but it turns the year's result from a surplus into a loss. The Township budgeted a surplus of $55,242. Before the write-down the surplus was $27,104. After it the statements show a deficit of $33,936. We did not find, in the pages we read, an explanation of which asset or project was written off.

Found by reading the town's own documents · 2 sources

Good to knowRecord-keeping

Why do two pages of the 2024 statements give different amounts for the money set aside for the landfill?

$2,000difference between Note 5 ($33,484) and Note 8 ($35,484) for the landfill reserve

Note 5 says $33,484 (2023: $31,684) has been set aside for the landfill's closing costs and future expansion, held in a reserve fund. Note 8 lists the landfill reserve fund at $35,484 (2023: $33,684). The two differ by $2,000 in both years, which is small. The statements show the landfill closure liability at $84,756 against total estimated costs of $129,703. The auditor has not been able to confirm these liabilities under the newer accounting rule (see the first question).

Found by reading the town's own documents · 2 sources

Good to knowMoney health

How should residents read the gap between the 2024 budget and the 2024 results?

$85,625amortization in 2024 actual expenses that the budget does not include

Revenue was $1,010,805 against a budget of $986,529. Expenses were $983,701 against a budget of $931,287. The statements say most of the expense gap is a difference in how the two are drawn up: the budget leaves out amortization (the yearly wearing out of assets), which came to $85,625, and counts capital spending in full instead. Spending on the "Environmental services" line was $45,195 against $24,087 budgeted.

Found by reading the town's own documents · 2 sources

Each question in full

Needs an answerFound automatically from financial reports

Why are so many property taxes unpaid?

$169Kowed in unpaid property tax, end of 2024

At the end of 2024, $169K of property tax had been billed but not paid. That is 22% of everything billed. Only 6 of 35 similar towns had a higher share. A year earlier it was $186K.

Why are so many property taxes unpaid?
$169K
Show as a table
YearUnpaid property tax at year end
2019$66,993
2020$87,939
2021$110K
2022$99,089
2023$186K
2024$169K

Why it matters

When taxes go unpaid, everyone else carries the cost, and the town may borrow to cover the gap. The Province's financial indicators treat 10% to 15% as a moderate risk and more than 15% as a high risk. Collection is the town's job, so a rising number is worth asking about.

It could be because…

  • The final tax bill was due late in the year, so some payments simply arrived in January.
  • A few large properties are in dispute or being sold for back taxes.
  • Hard times for residents, which the town may be handling with payment plans.

Questions you could ask

  1. How much is more than one year overdue, and from how many properties?
  2. Are the rules for chasing unpaid taxes applied the same way to everyone?
  3. Has the town registered tax arrears certificates on properties about two years behind? If still unpaid a year after that, Ontario law lets the town sell the property.

You can ask during the public part of a council meeting, by writing to the clerk, or by contacting your councillors. How to reach council.

Speak for Gillies? Send us your answer and we will publish it with this question.

The evidence

  1. Taxes receivable: 2019 $66,993, 2020 $87,939, 2021 $110K, 2022 $99,089, 2023 $186K, 2024 $169K. Of the 2024 total, $33,893 was from earlier years.

    Ontario Financial Information Return (FIR), 2019 to 2024 · Schedule 70, lines 0610 to 0699 · archived copy

  2. Typical among similar towns: 11.9% of taxes billed.

    Ontario Financial Information Return (FIR), 2024, 35 similar municipalities · Schedules 26 and 70 · archived copy

↑ All questions

Worth askingFound by reading the town's documents

Why have the Township's audited statements carried a qualified opinion two years in a row?

2 yearsof qualified audit opinions, for 2023 and 2024, on the same accounting rule

An audit ends with the auditor's opinion on whether the statements show the Township's money fairly. A "qualified" opinion means the auditor is satisfied except for one stated problem. For both 2023 and 2024 the problem is the same. A newer accounting rule (PS 3280, asset retirement obligations) has applied since January 1, 2023. It asks the Township to record what it will cost to retire certain assets, such as closing a landfill. For 2024 the auditor says management has not finished checking its assets for such costs, so the effect cannot be put in numbers.

Why it matters

Until the check is done, nobody can say how large the missing costs are, and the statements are not fully comparable with other townships'. A second year without the work being finished is worth asking about, especially for a small township with one landfill.

It could be because…

  • Many small Ontario municipalities have found the new rule hard to apply with limited staff, and the work may need an outside specialist.
  • The Township may have a plan and a date for finishing the assessment that is not in the statements.
  • The effect may turn out to be small for a township whose road allowances and landfill site are carried at a nominal value, as the statements say.

Questions you could ask

  1. When will the assessment of asset retirement obligations be finished, and who is doing it?
  2. Has Council been given an estimate of the size of the costs?
  3. Will the 2025 statements carry a clean opinion?

You can ask during the public part of a council meeting, by writing to the clerk, or by contacting your councillors. How to reach council.

Speak for Gillies? Send us your answer and we will publish it with this question.

The records that would answer this can be requested: Plan for the asset retirement obligation assessment, with wording you can copy.

The evidence

  1. 2024 audit report, Basis for Qualified Opinion: "Management has not completed its assessment of the tangible capital assets for potential asset retirement obligations." The report adds that the Township accounts for its landfill under the withdrawn rule PS 3270 instead.

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Independent Auditor's Report, PDF page 3

  2. 2023 audit report, Basis for Qualified Opinion: "Effective January 1, 2023, the Township was required to adopt PS 3280 Asset Retirement Obligations". The 2023 opinion was also qualified, on the same rule.

    2023 Financial Statements (BDO Canada LLP audit) · Independent Auditor's Report, PDF page 3

↑ All questions

Worth askingFound by reading the town's documents

Why was the 2024 audit report signed on December 29, 2025, almost a year after the year it covers, when the 2023 report was signed on August 15, 2024?

December 29, 2025date of the 2024 audit report, against August 15, 2024 for the 2023 report

The audited statements are how residents see how the year really went. The 2023 audit report is dated August 15, 2024. The 2024 report is dated December 29, 2025. The 2024 statements also say a different audit firm (MNP LLP) took over from the firm that did 2023 (BDO Canada LLP).

Why it matters

The later the statements arrive, the older the news about the Township's money is when residents and council read it. We could not find out from the pages we read when Council received the statements.

It could be because…

  • A change of audit firm often slows the first year while the new firm learns the books.
  • The unfinished asset retirement work (see the question on the qualified opinion) may have taken extra time.
  • The Township says elsewhere that it has a backlog of work; a smaller office may simply have been slow to hand over its records.

Questions you could ask

  1. What caused the 2024 audit to finish in December 2025?
  2. When did Council receive and approve the 2024 statements?
  3. What date is planned for the 2025 audit?

You can ask during the public part of a council meeting, by writing to the clerk, or by contacting your councillors. How to reach council.

Speak for Gillies? Send us your answer and we will publish it with this question.

The evidence

  1. 2024 audit report signed in Thunder Bay, Ontario, dated December 29, 2025. The report says the 2023 statements "were audited by another auditor who expressed a qualified opinion on those statements on August 15, 2024".

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Independent Auditor's Report, PDF pages 3 and 5

  2. 2023 audit report dated August 15, 2024.

    2023 Financial Statements (BDO Canada LLP audit) · Independent Auditor's Report, PDF page 5

↑ All questions

Worth askingFound by reading the town's documents

Why does Council adopt each year's budget in the middle of that year?

September 16, 2024date Council adopted the 2024 budget

A budget is the plan for spending and tax money in a year. The 2023 statements say the 2023 budget was adopted on August 14, 2023. The 2024 statements say the 2024 budget was adopted on September 16, 2024. The Township's tax bills are based on the budget, so the plan is set after more than half of the year has been spent.

Why it matters

A budget adopted late cannot guide spending early in the year, and residents have no say in the plan before most of the money is spent. The statements do not say what the usual date is.

It could be because…

  • The Township may wait for the province's grant notices, which small townships rely on, before setting tax rates.
  • Council may pass an interim levy early in the year so bills can go out, with the full budget following; we did not look for interim levy by-laws.

Questions you could ask

  1. Why is the budget adopted in August or September, and when does the Township plan to adopt the 2027 budget?
  2. Is an interim tax levy passed early in the year, and where are those by-laws posted?

You can ask during the public part of a council meeting, by writing to the clerk, or by contacting your councillors. How to reach council.

Speak for Gillies? Send us your answer and we will publish it with this question.

The evidence

  1. Note 12: "The Financial Plan (Budget) By-Law adopted by Council on September 16, 2024 was not prepared on a basis consistent with that used to report actual results".

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Note 12, Budget, PDF page 20

  2. Note 12: "The Financial Plan (Budget) By-Law adopted by Council on August 14, 2023 was not prepared on a basis consistent with that used to report actual results".

    2023 Financial Statements (BDO Canada LLP audit) · Note 12, Budget, PDF page 19

↑ All questions

Worth askingFound by reading the town's documents

How much of the Township's $910,772 in cash is grant money that has to be spent on specific projects?

$673,940of deferred (set-aside grant) money at December 31, 2024, against cash of $910,772

At December 31, 2024 the Township held cash of $910,772. The statements also show deferred revenue of $673,940. Deferred revenue is money received for a stated purpose that has not yet been spent. The balance grew from $532,666 the year before. The three largest pieces are the Ontario Community Infrastructure Fund ($287,740), the Northern Ontario Resource Development Support fund ($240,708) and the Canada Community Building Fund, also called the gas tax ($143,262). During 2024 the Township moved $58,290 of it into revenue, after moving $182,574 the year before. The Township budgeted $35,000 of the Ontario Community Infrastructure Fund as revenue and booked $13,514.

Why it matters

Money held for projects is not free cash. The statements show a large and growing pile that has not yet gone into roads or other projects it was given for. Residents may want to know what is planned for it and when.

It could be because…

  • Road work for a small township is lumpy. The Township may be saving several years of grants to pay for one larger project.
  • The 2025 budget was posted by the Township, but its table prints out of order in the file we read, so we could not use any figure from it to see what is planned.
  • Contractor schedules and approvals can push a project into a later year.

Questions you could ask

  1. What projects are planned for the $673,940, and when?
  2. How much of the Township's own surplus (not grant money) is available for general use?

You can ask during the public part of a council meeting, by writing to the clerk, or by contacting your councillors. How to reach council.

Speak for Gillies? Send us your answer and we will publish it with this question.

The evidence

  1. Note 4, Deferred Revenue: Canada Community Building Fund (previously Federal Gas Tax) $ 143,262 (2023: $ 135,221); Northern Ontario Resource Development Support (NORDS) $ 240,708 (2023: $ 178,960); Ontario Community Infrastructure Fund (OCIF) $ 287,740 (2023: $ 198,271); total $ 673,940 (2023: $ 532,666). Changes in 2024: "Transfers from revenue" 185,833 and "Transfers to revenue" (58,290); 2023: 188,251 and (182,574).

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Note 4, Deferred Revenue, PDF pages 14 and 15

  2. Note 2, Cash: operating accounts $ 321,510, high interest savings accounts 425,843, reserve account 163,419; total $ 910,772.

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Note 2, Cash, PDF page 14

  3. Note 9, Government Transfers, 2024: Ontario Community Infrastructure Fund budget 35,000, actual 13,514 (2023: 123,236).

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Note 9, Government Transfers, PDF page 19

  4. The Township's own explanation, Note 4: "The Township is required to put unspent gas tax funding into a reserve fund. The funding and interest earned in the reserve must be spent on approved projects."

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Note 4, Deferred Revenue, PDF page 15

↑ All questions

Worth askingFound by reading the town's documents

When will the Township catch up on posting council minutes and by-laws?

Backlogthe Township's own word for the state of its posted minutes and by-laws

The Township's own agendas and minutes page says that "A backlog of work remains and as such posting minutes, by-laws, and other information on the website is affected." It says staff are working to fix this. The meeting calendar where the minutes live (calendar.gilliestownship.com) answered our request with a block page, so we could not check how far behind the minutes are.

Why it matters

Minutes and by-laws are the public record of what council decided. With an election on October 26, 2026, voters may want to read the record of the past term.

It could be because…

  • A small office with a small staff can fall behind on posting; the page is open about it.
  • Minutes may be approved at the next meeting and posted soon after, so a short lag is normal.
  • The minutes may be available in the meeting calendar even if the main website is behind. We could not look.

Questions you could ask

  1. Which years of minutes and by-laws are not yet posted, and what is the plan to post them?
  2. Can the Township say how far behind the minutes are, so residents know?

You can ask during the public part of a council meeting, by writing to the clerk, or by contacting your councillors. How to reach council.

Speak for Gillies? Send us your answer and we will publish it with this question.

The evidence

  1. "A backlog of work remains and as such posting minutes, by-laws, and other information on the website is affected. Municipal staff are working as quickly as possible to remedy this situation, we thank you for your patience." The page also says agendas are posted the Friday before a regular meeting, and sometimes the Saturday.

    Agendas and Minutes page, Township of Gillies · main text of the page, read October 7, 2026

↑ All questions

Worth askingFound automatically from financial reports

Does Gillies have enough saved for repairs and emergencies?

$215Kin savings at the end of 2024

Towns keep savings (called reserves) to pay for new trucks, roof repairs and surprises. Gillies had $215K saved at the end of 2024, down from $363K in 2019. That is 22% of one year's spending. Only 6 of 35 similar towns had less, compared with what they spend.

Does Gillies have enough saved for repairs and emergencies?
$215K
Show as a table
YearSavings (reserves)
2019$363K
2020$433K
2021$292K
2022$217K
2023$197K
2024$215K

Why it matters

With little saved, a broken bridge or a storm has to be paid for with a sudden tax increase or a loan. Low savings can also mean past budgets were balanced by spending savings instead of facing the real cost.

It could be because…

  • The town spent savings on purpose, on projects that were planned and saved up for.
  • Some savings were used to match grant money, which brings in more than it costs.
  • The town has a plan to rebuild its savings.

Questions you could ask

  1. Does the town have a written reserve policy with a target amount?
  2. What were the savings spent on between 2019 and 2024?
  3. What is the plan to rebuild them, and by when?

You can ask during the public part of a council meeting, by writing to the clerk, or by contacting your councillors. How to reach council.

Speak for Gillies? Send us your answer and we will publish it with this question.

The evidence

  1. Savings (reserves and reserve funds): 2019 $363K, 2020 $433K, 2021 $292K, 2022 $217K, 2023 $197K, 2024 $215K.

    Ontario Financial Information Return (FIR), 2019 to 2024 · Schedule 70, line 6420 · archived copy

  2. Typical among similar towns: savings equal to 53% of a year's spending. Gillies: 22%.

    Ontario Financial Information Return (FIR), 2024, 35 similar municipalities · Schedules 40 and 70 · archived copy

↑ All questions

Good to knowFound by reading the town's documents

What was the $61,040 written off in 2024, and why does the statement of operations not say?

$61,040written off in 2024, turning a $27,104 surplus into a $33,936 deficit

The statements show a "write-down of tangible capital assets" of $61,040 in 2024. A write-down removes the recorded value of something the Township owns. It uses no cash, but it turns the year's result from a surplus into a loss. The Township budgeted a surplus of $55,242. Before the write-down the surplus was $27,104. After it the statements show a deficit of $33,936. We did not find, in the pages we read, an explanation of which asset or project was written off.

Why it matters

A write-down usually means money spent on something that did not turn into a lasting asset, or that lost its value. Residents may want to know which project it was and whether any of it can be recovered.

It could be because…

  • A project that was started and then cancelled or replaced, with its design cost taken off the books.
  • A correction to earlier records, which small townships often make when they update their asset lists.
  • Part of the asset records the auditor asked the Township to clean up.

Questions you could ask

  1. Which asset or project was written down, and when was the money spent on it?
  2. Was the write-down reported to Council in public, and does it affect any grant?

You can ask during the public part of a council meeting, by writing to the clerk, or by contacting your councillors. How to reach council.

Speak for Gillies? Send us your answer and we will publish it with this question.

The records that would answer this can be requested: Records about the 2024 write-down of tangible capital assets, with wording you can copy.

The evidence

  1. Statement of operations, 2024: "Annual surplus before the undernoted item" budget 55,242, actual 27,104 (2023: 91,551). "Write-down of tangible capital assets" actual (61,040). "Annual surplus (deficit)" budget 55,242, actual (33,936).

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Statement of Operations and Accumulated Surplus, PDF page 7

  2. Statement of cash flows, 2024: "Write-down of tangible capital assets" 61,040, an item that involves no cash.

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Statement of Cash Flows, PDF page 9

↑ All questions

Good to knowFound by reading the town's documents

Why do two pages of the 2024 statements give different amounts for the money set aside for the landfill?

$2,000difference between Note 5 ($33,484) and Note 8 ($35,484) for the landfill reserve

Note 5 says $33,484 (2023: $31,684) has been set aside for the landfill's closing costs and future expansion, held in a reserve fund. Note 8 lists the landfill reserve fund at $35,484 (2023: $33,684). The two differ by $2,000 in both years, which is small. The statements show the landfill closure liability at $84,756 against total estimated costs of $129,703. The auditor has not been able to confirm these liabilities under the newer accounting rule (see the first question).

Why it matters

A small mismatch is probably a typing slip, but it appears in two years, and it sits next to a liability the auditor has qualified.

It could be because…

  • A typing error carried forward from year to year.
  • One note may count a small amount that is held separately from the reserve fund.

Questions you could ask

  1. Which amount is right for the landfill reserve fund?

You can ask during the public part of a council meeting, by writing to the clerk, or by contacting your councillors. How to reach council.

Speak for Gillies? Send us your answer and we will publish it with this question.

The evidence

  1. Note 5: "An amount of $33,484 (2023 - $31,684) has been provided to fund this liability and future landfill expansion and is included in a reserve fund for landfill (Note 8)." Total estimated expenses for closure and post-closure $129,703; liabilities recognized $84,756.

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Note 5, Landfill Closure and Post-Closure Liability, PDF page 15

  2. Note 8, Accumulated Surplus: "For landfill" 35,484 (2023: 33,684).

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Note 8, Accumulated Surplus, PDF page 18

↑ All questions

Good to knowFound by reading the town's documents

How should residents read the gap between the 2024 budget and the 2024 results?

$85,625amortization in 2024 actual expenses that the budget does not include

Revenue was $1,010,805 against a budget of $986,529. Expenses were $983,701 against a budget of $931,287. The statements say most of the expense gap is a difference in how the two are drawn up: the budget leaves out amortization (the yearly wearing out of assets), which came to $85,625, and counts capital spending in full instead. Spending on the "Environmental services" line was $45,195 against $24,087 budgeted.

Why it matters

This gives context for reading the budget against the audited result. It is a note, not a concern: the statements explain the basis difference themselves.

It could be because…

  • The budget is built on a cash-style basis; the statements on full accrual. Note 12 sets out the adjustments between them.
  • The Environmental services line is small, and a few extra costs would move it by a large share.

Questions you could ask

  1. What caused the Environmental services line to run above its budget?

You can ask during the public part of a council meeting, by writing to the clerk, or by contacting your councillors. How to reach council.

Speak for Gillies? Send us your answer and we will publish it with this question.

The evidence

  1. Statement of operations, 2024: revenue total budget 986,529, actual 1,010,805. Expenses total budget 931,287, actual 983,701. "Environmental services" budget 24,087, actual 45,195.

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Statement of Operations and Accumulated Surplus, PDF page 7

  2. Note 10, Expenses By Object, 2024: "Amortization" budget -, actual 85,625. Note 12: the budget "expensed all tangible capital expenses rather than including amortization expense".

    2024 Financial Statements (MNP LLP audit) · Notes 10 and 12, PDF pages 19 and 20

↑ All questions