Sources and method

Where this comes from

Everything on these pages comes from public documents. Here they are, with how we used them, so anyone can check our work.

Documents

1. Ontario Financial Information Return (FIR)

   Ontario Ministry of Municipal Affairs and Housing · retrieved 2026-10-01

   The numbers behind the money and compare pages: 2019 to 2025 for Clarence-Rockland, and 2025 for 23 similar places. Figures are what the municipality reported to the Province for each year, prepared on the same basis as its audited financial statements.

2. City of Clarence-Rockland, budget documents

   City of Clarence-Rockland · retrieved 2026-10-01

   The city’s published budgets. Used to check its plans against what it reported.

3. Corporation of the City of Clarence-Rockland, Consolidated Financial Statements, year ended December 31, 2025 (BDO Canada LLP, May 26, 2026)

   City of Clarence-Rockland · retrieved 2026-10-05

   Bilingual (French and English side by side). Used for the statements, notes 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 12, 13 and 14, and the auditor's report.

4. Corporation of the City of Clarence-Rockland, Consolidated Financial Statements, year ended December 31, 2024 (BDO Canada LLP, May 22, 2025)

   City of Clarence-Rockland · retrieved 2026-10-05

   Bilingual. Used for the auditor's report wording.

5. 2026 Budget, Schedule A (summary revenues and expenses) and Schedule B (capital budget)

   City of Clarence-Rockland · retrieved 2026-10-05

   Bilingual summary tables. Used for the corporate summary, water and sewer summaries and the 2026 capital budget.

6. Schedules A and B to the 2025 Budget By-law

   City of Clarence-Rockland · retrieved 2026-10-05

   Used for the 2025 capital budget.

7. 2025 Draft Budget (285 pages)

   City of Clarence-Rockland · retrieved 2026-10-05

   Opened for the council lines and the Integrity Commissioner line. Not used for any finding.

8. Statistics Canada, Consumer Price Index, annual average (table 18-10-0005-01)

   Statistics Canada · retrieved 2026-10-01

   How much prices went up each year, so cost growth can be compared with inflation.

How the numbers are worked out

Day-to-day spending

Total expenses as reported, minus amortization ("wear and tear"), which is an accounting cost rather than cash spent that year. Costs are shown in the service where they were recorded, before the city spreads its office overhead across services, so the cost of running the office stays visible.

Per home

An amount divided by the number of households the city reported to the Province for that year.

Similar places

Ontario lower-tier municipalities with 60% to 160% of this population that had filed their 2025 return, in 2025. This gives 23 places. "Typical" means the median: half of similar places are above it and half below. The size limits are a judgement call; moving them a little adds or drops a few places, so treat small differences in rank as noise. Per-home figures use the household counts each city reports to the Province. Places do not all count the same way: some include seasonal homes, so per-home comparisons are a guide, not exact.

Faster than prices

Growth is compared with Canada's Consumer Price Index over the same years.

When a question is raised automatically

When a cost grew at least 25 percentage points faster than prices and faster than 80% of similar places; when a measure of money health is worse than 80% of similar places; or when a one-year tax increase is higher than 80% of similar places and well above inflation. "Needs an answer" means worse than 90% of similar places. When there are fewer than 20 similar places, automatic questions go no higher than "Worth asking", because one rank moves a lot in a small group.

What this cannot see

These records show totals by category, not individual payments. They cannot show whether a particular contract was fair, whether a purchase was split to avoid tendering, or who was paid. That needs the city's list of payments (its cheque register or accounts payable list), which residents can ask for under Ontario's freedom-of-information law (MFIPPA). That is the next thing we plan to add.